Challenge 9: Baby Names - Tables

Setup

Code

library(tidyverse)
library(here)
library(knitr)
library(kableExtra)
library(DT)

Question 1

Code

a_names <- read_csv(here::here("supporting_artifacts", 
                               "learning_targets",
                               "data",
                               "StateNames_A.csv"))

a_names <- a_names |> 
  rename(Sex_at_Birth = 'Gender')

datatable(a_names,
          colnames = c("Baby Names", 
                       "Year Observed", 
                       "Sex Assigned at Birth",
                       "State Observed",
                       "Count of Babies with Name"),
          class = 'cell-border stripe',
          caption = "Table of Baby Names that Start With the Letter 'A'",
          filter = "top",
          editable = "cell")

Question 2

Code

allison_both_sexes <- a_names |> 
  filter(Name == "Allison") |> 
  group_by(Sex_at_Birth, State) |> 
  summarize(sex_count = sum(Count)) |> 
  pivot_wider(names_from = Sex_at_Birth,
              values_from = sex_count)
allison_both_sexes[is.na(allison_both_sexes)] <- 0

kable(allison_both_sexes, 
      format = "pipe",
      col.names = c("State Observed", "Count of Female Babies", "Count of Male Babies"),
      align = "c",
      caption = "Count of Female and Male Babies Named 'Allison' Per State")

Count of Female and Male Babies Named ‘Allison’ Per State

State Observed	Count of Female Babies	Count of Male Babies
AK	232	0
AL	1535	0
AR	1198	0
AZ	1880	0
CA	12413	0
CO	1594	0
CT	1099	0
DC	321	0
DE	294	0
FL	4455	0
GA	3257	0
HI	183	0
IA	1477	0
ID	451	0
IL	5110	0
IN	3067	0
KS	1283	0
KY	1905	20
LA	1209	0
MA	2218	0
MD	2229	0
ME	340	0
MI	4014	0
MN	2374	0
MO	2882	0
MS	817	0
MT	226	0
NC	3435	0
ND	285	0
NE	807	0
NH	412	0
NJ	3052	0
NM	399	0
NV	729	0
NY	5747	0
OH	5487	0
OK	1421	0
OR	1186	0
PA	4307	0
RI	306	0
SC	1228	0
SD	376	0
TN	2488	0
TX	10192	0
UT	1125	0
VA	3220	0
VT	135	0
WA	1956	0
WI	2367	0
WV	813	0
WY	142	0

Question 3

Code

allison_females <- a_names |>
  filter(Name == "Allison",
         Sex_at_Birth == "F") |> 
  group_by(Sex_at_Birth, State) |> 
  summarize(sex_count = sum(Count), .groups = "drop")

Question 4

Code

allison <- a_names |>
  filter(Name == "Allison") |> 
  group_by(Year) |> 
  summarize(a_count = sum(Count), .groups = "drop") 
  
ggplot(data = allison,
       mapping = aes(x = Year, y = a_count)) +
    geom_point() +
    geom_line() +
    labs(x = "Year Observed",
         y = "",
         title = "Count of 'Allison'") +
    scale_x_continuous(n.breaks=10) +
    scale_y_continuous(n.breaks=10)

Code

# https://www.statology.org/ggplot-axis-ticks/

Question 5

Code

allison_lm <- allison |> 
  lm(a_count ~ Year, data = _)

allison_lm

Call:
lm(formula = a_count ~ Year, data = allison)

Coefficients:
(Intercept)         Year  
   209815.1       -101.6  

Question 6

Code

allison |> 
  ggplot(aes(x = a_count, y = Year)) +
  geom_point() +
  stat_smooth(method = "lm") + 
  labs(x = "Year Observed", 
       y = "",
       title = "Count of 'Allison'")

`geom_smooth()` using formula 'y ~ x'

Estimated Regression Equation

y = 209815.1 - 101.6x

Question 7

Code

allison_lm |> 
  broom::augment() |> 
  ggplot(mapping = aes(x = Year,
                       y = .resid)) +
  geom_point() +
  labs(x = "Year Observed",
       y = "",
       title = "Residuals") +
  scale_x_continuous(n.breaks=10)

The only significant pattern I see is that starting in 2011, the residuals begin to increase in a linear way.

What can you conclude from this model?

Based on this model, there was an increasing amount of children being named “Allison” than was actually predicted, resulting in a positive linear pattern. Where this data ends in 2014, your name wasn’t as cool as it was in 1998 or 2009, but if this pattern has continued, it is possible that your name is getting more and more cool again.

Question 8

Code

a_names |> 
  filter(Sex_at_Birth == "M",
         Name == "Allan" | Name == "Alan" | Name == "Allen") |> 
  group_by(Name, Year) |> 
  summarise(al_count = sum(Count), .groups = "drop") |> 
  ggplot(mapping = aes(x = Year, y = al_count, color = Name)) +
    geom_point() +
    geom_line() +
    labs(x = "Year Observed",
         y = "",
         title = "Count of Name Variant") +
    scale_x_continuous(n.breaks=10) +
    scale_y_continuous(n.breaks=10)

Question 9

Code

als_PACA_2000 <- a_names |> 
  filter(Name == "Allan" | Name == "Alan" | Name == "Allen",
         Year == "2000",
         State == "PA" | State == "CA",
         Sex_at_Birth == "M") |> 
  group_by(State, Name) |> 
  summarize(al_counts = sum(Count), .groups = "drop") |> 
  pivot_wider(names_from = Name,
              values_from = al_counts)

kable(als_PACA_2000, 
      format = "pipe",
      col.names = c("State Observed", 
                    "Count of 'Alan' Babies'", 
                    "Count of 'Allan' Babies",
                    "Count of 'Allen' Babies"),
      align = "c",
      caption = "Count of Babies Named 'Alan/Allan/Allen' Per State")

Count of Babies Named ‘Alan/Allan/Allen’ Per State

State Observed	Count of ‘Alan’ Babies’	Count of ‘Allan’ Babies	Count of ‘Allen’ Babies
CA	579	131	176
PA	51	12	56

Question 10

Code

convert_percent <- function(row, total) {
  stopifnot(is.numeric(row))
  stopifnot(is.numeric(total))
  
  percentage <- round((row / total) * 100, 2)
  
  return(percentage)
}

al_percent <- a_names |> 
  filter(Name == "Allan" | Name == "Alan" | Name == "Allen",
         Year == "2000",
         State == "PA" | State == "CA",
         Sex_at_Birth == "M") |> 
  group_by(State, Name) |> 
  summarize(al_count = sum(Count), .groups = "drop") |> 
  pivot_wider(names_from = Name,
              values_from = al_count) |> 
  rowwise() |> 
  mutate(total_count = sum(c_across(Alan : Allen)),
         Alan = convert_percent(Alan, total_count),
         Allan = convert_percent(Allan, total_count),
         Allen = convert_percent(Allen, total_count)) |> 
  subset(, select = -c(total_count))

kable(al_percent, 
      format = "pipe",
      col.names = c("State Observed", 
                    "Percent of 'Alan' Babies'", 
                    "Percent of 'Allan' Babies",
                    "Percent of 'Allen' Babies"),
      align = "c",
      caption = "Percent of Babies Named 'Alan/Allan/Allen' Per State")

Percent of Babies Named ‘Alan/Allan/Allen’ Per State

State Observed	Percent of ‘Alan’ Babies’	Percent of ‘Allan’ Babies	Percent of ‘Allen’ Babies
CA	65.35	14.79	19.86
PA	42.86	10.08	47.06

Question 11

Code

al_percent |> 
  kbl(col.names = c("State Observed", 
                    "Percent of 'Alan' Babies'", 
                    "Percent of 'Allan' Babies",
                    "Percent of 'Allen' Babies"),
      caption = "Percent of Babies Named 'Alan/Allan/Allen' Per State",
      align = "c") |> 
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover", "condensed", "bordered"),
                position = "left",
                html_font = "Times New Roman")

Percent of Babies Named 'Alan/Allan/Allen' Per State

State Observed	Percent of 'Alan' Babies'	Percent of 'Allan' Babies	Percent of 'Allen' Babies
CA	65.35	14.79	19.86
PA	42.86	10.08	47.06